Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Eduard Rott
University of Stuttgart, Germany
Keynote: Organophosphonates: Environmental problems related to them and possible solutions for their elimination from industrial wastewater
Biography:
Eduard Rott has completed his PhD in the field of Environmental Engineering at University of Stuttgart, Germany. He is working as a Postdoctoral Scientist in the Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management at University of Stuttgart, Germany.
Abstract:
Organophosphonates - mainly PBTC, HEDP, NTMP, EDTMP and DTPMP - are increasingly gaining attention of environmental authorities and scientists. These compounds are used in a wide range of industrial and household applications due to their excellent complexing properties. Organophosphonates are associated with various environmental issues. For example, phosphate, which has an eutrophication effect on water bodies, can be formed by their abiotic degradation. In addition, they are associated with heavy metal remobilization in waters, make it more difficult to comply with strict P discharge targets in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and in individual cases interfere with the operation of WWTPs due to complex formation. It is estimated that in 2012, with a consumption of 49,000 t/a in Europe, organophosphonates were discharged at 9000–18,600 t/a into European waters via inadequately purified industrial wastewater and municipal WWTPs. The elimination of organophosphonates specifically from industrial wastewaters is therefore strongly recommended. Wastewater contaminated with organophosphonates can be roughly divided into two categories. On the one hand, there are concentrates, e.g. from membrane filtration and cooling water treatment, where phosphonates are used as antiscalants and hardness stabilizers. On the other hand, there are mainly organically contaminated wastewaters containing phosphonates from industrial cleaning agents or, e.g., from paper and textile industries, where phosphonates are used as bleach stabilizers. This wide variety of possible wastewater matrixes requires different approaches in terms of the objective to eliminate organophosphonates from industrial wastewater. The presentation will compare different wastewater treatment processes (precipitation/flocculation with FeIII or Ca(OH)2, (photo-)Fenton, UV/FeII, filtration) and will present the effects of the wastewater matrix on these processes. For example, the presence of CaII promotes the adsorption of phosphonates on iron hydroxides. Furthermore, organophosphonates can impede the precipitation of iron hydroxides due to their complexing properties.
- Waste Management and Treatment | Eutrophication | Aquatic Microbiology | Waste water Reuse and Recycling | Water Borne Diseases | Water Pollution : Ethics and Regulations | Aquatic Chemistry Wastewater Sludge Management | Economics of water quality|Air Pollution and Treatment | Marine Water | Environmental Pollution
Location: Olimpica 3+4
Session Introduction
Qiaowen Lin
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
Title: Low-carbon land use optimization and management in mine-grain composited zone from the perspective of equity of resource and environment distribution
Biography:
Qiaowen Lin has completed her PhD from China University of Geosciences. She is doing her Postdoctoral studies at School of Public Administration, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. She has published 5 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Land use change is an important factor in global climate change and carbon cycle. This project takes the mineral grain composited area as the research object, and takes the equity of the resource and environment distribution as the research perspective in order to carry out the research on the low carbon optimization of land use. Firstly, the process and mechanism of carbon cycle in the mineral grain composited area are revealed, using the system theory. Secondly, on the basis of the analysis of land use change in the study area, carbon emissions of land use in study area from 2000 to 2016 are explored. Carbon emission effects of land use are analyzed by using the improved Kaya equation and logarithmic-mean divisia index method (LMDI). Fairness analysis on allocation of land resources and environment is done by constructing land resource environment Gini coefficient. Then, scenario analysis method and land resource environment Gini coefficient method are applied to carry out multi scenario simulation of land use change in mineral grain compound area, and explore low-carbon optimization plan for land use in mineral grain composited area. Finally, the low carbon management system of land utilization in the mineral grain compound area is constructed from aspects of management target, management subject and management measures. The research results provide theoretical guidance for effectively reducing mining damaged land, protecting food security and optimizing land use pattern scientifically, providing a certain train of thought for promoting regional low carbon economy development. Eduard Rott has completed his PhD in the field of Environmental Engineering at University of Stuttgart, Germany. He is working as a Postdoctoral Scientist in the Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management at University of Stuttgart, Germany.
Emilly Obuya
The Sage Colleges, USA
Title: Biosynthesis & application of nanostructured composites for purification of drinking water
Biography:
Emilly Obuya completed her PhD in Inorganic and Materials Chemistry from State University of New York in 2012 and is currently an Associate Professor of Chemistry at The Sage Colleges in Troy, NY in USA. She is working on collaboration with Dr. Noah on the biosynthesis and application of nanostructured materials
Abstract:
Water pollution by microbial contamination that emanates from poor sanitation affects over 50% of the global population, particularly in developing countries. Solar disinfection (SODIS) technique has emerged within the past decade as a simple and low cost point-of-use water treatment technology. For bacterial inactivation, contaminated water is placed in plastic bottles and exposed to direct sunlight for 6-48 hours. The limited quantity of water treated (2 L-bottles) and long illumination duration makes the process cumbersome hence hampers large scale adoption. Additionally, due to the UV process of bacterial deactivation, the SODIS technique is incapable of removing chemical contaminants from the drinking water thus limiting its widespread use for efficient water treatment. In this work we have applied the green chemistry principles and nanotechnology to design, synthesize, and develop a Ag-TiO2 heterogeneous catalyst that will be used as an additive to improve the overall efficiency of the SODIS technique. The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were biosynthesized from the rind extract of the watermelon fruit, and loaded on the surface of titanium dioxide nanofibers (TiO2 NFs) through a wet synthesis method. The surface and electronic properties of the nanocomposite material will be optimized to control the size of the Ag NPs on the TiO2 surface. The disk diffusion method will be used as a quantitative antimicrobial assay of the as-synthesized catalysts followed by the time-kill method where photo-inactivation studies of the catalysts will be tested for their microbial activity against lab-cultured E. coli. We will report the biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanomaterials and results from the disk diffusion & time kill methods.
Moh Sholichin
University of Brawijaya, Indonesia
Title: Determining Tamblingan Lake water quality status using method of STORET and AVSWAT model
Biography:
Moh Sholichin has completed his PhD from Malaya University, Malaysia in 2010. He was a Head of Water Resources Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, University of Brawijaya from 2010 until 2017. He has actively presented his papers in international seminars in many countries and has published more than 12 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract:
Tamblingan Lake is a natural lake has a function as a sources of raw water dan tourism destination. The change in the cultivation of farmers around Tamblingan from hard cropping pattern (coffee) to the annual plantations (flowers and horticulture), if can’t be controlled may cause decreased of water quality. The objective of this study to determine the pollution load from the agricultural element, and the water quality index based on existing condition. This research conducted tree stages; chemical analysis of water quality indicators in laboratory, analysis of water quality status using STORET method and water pollution load analysis using application AVSWAT Program. Based on measurement of water quality parameters obtained Nitrate (NO3-N) amount to 1,002 mg/l, BOD5 amount to 934 mg/l, DO amount to 683 mg/l and phosphorous as P amount to 764 mg/l. Water quality analysis using STORET method, total score from the results of the calculation is -10. These value with range -1 to10 so that status of water quality of Tamblingan Lake is “B Class”. The pollution load of existing land Tamblingan Lake for phosphorous inflow of 14,374 mm/ton/ha, Nitrate inflow of 47,515 mm/ton/ha/month, BOD5 inflow of 469,635 mm/ton/ha/month, DO inflow amounted to 2054,8317 mm/ton/ha/month. The value is between (-1) to (-10), the Water Quality Status of Tamblingan Lake Class B with contaminated lightly lake water condition.
Chioma Nwakanma
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Nigeria
Title: Environmental risk assessment of hospital wastewater in Federal Medical Center (FMC), Umuahia, Nigeria
Biography:
Chioma Nwakanma has completed her PhD from University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. She is a Senior Lecturer in the College of Natural Resources and Environmental Management. She has published more than 55 papers in reputed journals and has Professional affiliations both local and international and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of reputable journals.
Abstract:
The study on environmental risk assessment of hospital wastewater at Federal Medical Center (FMC), Umuahia, Nigeria was carried. To this end, the microbial load and heavy metal analyses of the hospital wastewater were determined using established procedures. The wastewater samples were collected directly from the outlet of different wards (surgical, children and emergency wards), with pre-cleaned sterile and dried containers. The result show that they were significant varieties in the bacteria and fungi load of the hospital waste water from the different wards. The bacteria load was on the range of 192x107 cfm/ml to 275x107 cfm/ml (1.92x107 cfm/ml to 2.75x107 cfm/ml) while the fungi load ranged from 1.3x103 to 4.0x103 cfm/ml as shown in the result; the total aerobic viable bacteria count (TVC) was highest 275x107 in the wastewater for children ward and lowest, 192x107 in the wastewater from the surgery ward. The concentration of lead was in the range 0.02 mg/l to 0.09 mg/l while cadmium concentrations varies between 0.02 to 0.15 mg/l, chromium and copper were in the range of 0.00 to 0.03 and 0.07 to 0.2 mg/l respectively, while zinc was found to be between 0.07 to 0.09 mg/l and mercury was 0.02 mg/l. The result shows that the concentration of the different wards varied with significant from difference (p<0.05). In general, the physicochemical properties of the hospital wastewater samples show that, their disposal into the environmental will impact significantly on the environment.
Biography:
Rouzbeh Nazari is an Assistant Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Rowan University. His primary research interests are: application of remote sensing in water technologies and environment, resiliency and flood mitigation, impact assessment of climate change and extreme weather events on cities. He has worked with NASA, NOAA, consortium on climate risk in the Urban Northeast, New York and New Jersey resiliency planning issues with the focus of climate issues affecting the urban corridor encompassing the US Northeast. His work has been funded by Federal, state agencies as well as industry partners. He has published several book chapters, journal papers and has presented his work in national and international conferences.
Abstract:
Subsurface fires and smoldering events at landfills can present a serious health hazard and threat to the environment. These fires are much more expensive and difficult to extinguish than open fires at the landfill surface. Initiation of a subsurface fire may go unnoticed for a long time period. Undetected fires may spread over a large area. Unfortunately, not all landfills keep or publish heat elevation data and some do not have a gas extraction system to control subsurface temperatures. The timely and cost effective identification of subsurface fires is an important and pressing issue. In this work, we describe a method for using satellite thermal infrared imagery at moderate spatial resolution to identify the location of subsurface fires and monitor their migration within the landfill. The focus of the study is on the Bridgeton Sanitary Landfill in Bridgeton, MO where a subsurface fire was first identified in 2010 and is still extant. Observations from Landsat satellite for the last seventeen years were examined for surface temperature anomalies (or hot spots) that may be associated with subsurface fires. It is shown that the location of hot spots identified in satellite imagery matches the known location of subsurface fires. Changes in the hot spot location with time correspond to the subsurface fire spreading routes determined from in situ measurements. The results of the study demonstrate that the proposed approach based on satellite observations can be used as a tool for landfill subsurface fire identification and thus may be used by landfill owners/operators to monitor landfills and minimize expenses associated with extinguishing landfill fires.
Manjeet Jassal
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
Title: Functionalized polymeric electrospun nanofibers for efficient removal of toxic organics from water
Biography:
Manjeet Jassal has completed her MS, MTech and PhD at IIT Delhi. She has an experience of over 13 years in the R&D division of Indian Petrochemical Corporation Limited (IPCL), a leader in petrochemical sector. Since 1999, she is a Faculty in Department of Textile Technology at IIT Delhi. She has authored more than 230 research publications in national and international journals, conference proceedings and books. She has worked in collaboration with several industries and institutions and has many patents and technology transfers to her credit. She has expertise in chemistry and characterization of polymers and textiles, hydrogels, superabsorbent materials, functional polymers and nanomaterials. Much of her work in the last few years is on the development and application of smart and functional polymers/fibers, electrospun nanofibers, nanoparticles and functional nanofinishes/coatings. She is a member of several professional societies and has won several awards.
Abstract:
Nanofibers high surface area to volume ratio can significantly enhance the activities requiring the use of increased surface area such as adsorption of chemical species in filtration or controlled release of loaded drugs or chemical moieties. β-cyclodextrin incorporated polystyrene and cellulose acetate nanofibers are electrospun by vertical solution electro spinning method and the prepared nanofibers are characterized by SEM, FTIR, RAMAN and UV-Visible spectroscopy to understand the changes in the nanofiber morphology and also to evaluate their potential activity for absorption of target molecular species like ortho-chloro phenol from aqueous solution has been studied.
Souad El Hajjaji
Mohammed V University, Morocco
Title: Natural products as adsorbent for wastewater valorisation
Biography:
Souad El Hajjaji has completed her PhD from INP of Toulouse, France. She is the Director of Research Centre in Water, Natural Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development at Mohammed V University in Rabat. She has published more than 80 papers in reputed journals and has been responsible for LIA; she is the Coordinator of an international Master’s with the University Paul Sabatier-Toulouse (France) in Analytical Sciences and Environment. She is the General Secretary of the Moroccan Association for the Environment and Sustainable Development; Vice President of Morocco Globe Association for Environment and Member of the Coordinating Committee of the Moroccan Coalition for Water (COALMA).
Abstract:
With regard to Morocco’s national programme for treatment of waters (PNALEEU) and the deal with water shortage and bad quality of drinking and agricultural water, these research aim to look into new technologies to clean wastewater and polluted waters from heavy metals and organic contaminants in order to increase the countries resources of clean water available for human consumption and agricultural usage. Various reports attest to the failure of the different treatment processes used to clean waste waters (WWs); raising concern about the remaining pollutants in WWs released in the rivers or reused in agriculture. Usage of local material could improve the quality of WW. In particular, the efficiency of a water filtering technique is studied using selected natural materials prepared from vegetable waste as well as some hydroxyapatite, apatite and apatite-modified materials. The study focus on adsorption properties to be compared with some commonly used adsorbents. Tests to remove pollutants from raw and treated WWs have been conducted. Adsorbents have been prepared from apatite or some vegetable waste of nuts and/or fruits by pyrolysis (500-700°C) at a reduced level of oxygen or by chemical treatment. In this process, a kind of biochar polymer will form and these materials have been grinded to different diameter of granules, fractions of 0-45 and 45-100 μm and tested. Individual tests of adsorption have been performed with each pollutant and different adsorbents. Isotherms of adsorption have been derived in batch experiments. Different equilibrium concentrations of the pollutants will enable us to draw the isotherm and to compare different common models such as Freundlich or Langmuir. The parameters of adsorption have been deduced from the more fitting model to the data. Effects of different physical-chemical parameters such as pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), conductivity, etc., on the performance of the tested sorbents have been studied using experimental designs.
Mojtaba Taseidifar
The University of New South Wales Canberra, Australia
Title: Removing of strontium ion from water using ion flotation
Biography:
Mojtaba Taseidifar is an Iranian PhD student attending University of New South Wales, Australia with thesis entitled “Novel Water Technologies” in research group of Professor Richard Mark Pashley. Moji’s research area generally evolve re-using wastewater, cavitation prevention and seawater desalination, which all are of paramount importance to tackle the problems associated with water pollution and shortage. He is very interested to mingle with the experts/researchers to find out about their work in order to build up his future research.
Abstract:
The effect of a new surfactant obtained with reacting cysteine and octanoyl (C8) was investigated in ion flotation removal of low levels of chromium ions from aqueous solution. The synthesised amino acid-based single-chain surfactant shows high water solubility and causes extensive foaming in a typical flotation chamber. In an ion flotation process, this surfactant was able to remove 99.8% of the 5 ppm strontium present in the contaminated water, in a simple, single-stage physiochemical process.
Reza Khoshbouy
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Title: Preparation of sludge based activated carbon using hydrothermal carbonization for basic dye and humic acid adsorption from aqueous solution
Biography:
Reza Khoshbouy has completed his BSc and MSc at Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran. He started his PhD course in April 2016 in the Department of Environmental Science and Technology at Tokyo Institute of Technology. His major fields are water purification, adsorption technology, waste management and environmental engineering. Currently he is a second-year Doctoral student (D2) in Prof. K Yoshikawa laboratory. His research focuses on development of cost effective adsorbent for water and wastewater treatment from biomass-based waste and wastewater sludge using hydrothermal carbonization and activation process.
Abstract:
Preparation of sludge-based activated carbon (SBAC) required to the carbonization step followed by the activation process. The conventional carbonization method such as pyrolysis needs to use high energy due to high moisture and poor water dewaterability of wet sludge. Recently, the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as a promising wet biomass conversion technology has been introduced to solve simultaneously the proper disposal method of wet sludge and its valorization by conversion into value-added products. In this study, SBAC was prepared from high moisture wastewater sludge by hydrothermal carbonization at several temperatures (170, 200, 230, and 260o followed by the physical activation with CO2 and the chemical activation with KOH. Moreover, the utilization of high surface area SBAC for adsorption of methylene blue (MB) as a basic dye and humic acid (HA) was investigated. The characterization of hydrochars (HCs) and SBACs were undertaken using the FTIR, SEM-EDS, BET, TG-DTA, and Zeta potential. According to the results, the chemical activation (1200-1600 m2/g) of HCs was much more effective than the physical activation (below 300 m/g) for their development of porosity and specific surface area. Furthermore, the results indicated that by increasing the temperature of HTC, at the same operation condition of the chemical activation, the surface area and porosity of SBAC were increased. The high production yield and the best specific surface area (upto 1612.91 m2/g) of SBAC were obtained at the HTC temperature of 260° and sequential KOH activation. The adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of MB and HA onto best SBAC were carried out in batch mode. The Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo- second-order kinetic model give the best fittings with experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacity of MB and HA at 25o was 588.24 mg2/g and 26.32 mg2/g, respectively, which showed better performance compare with two commercial activated carbons. In conclusion, SBAC prepared from hydrochar of wastewater sludge can be used as a low-cost and effective adsorbent for removing basic dyes and humic acid adsorption from aqueous solutions.
Sonal Bindal
Teri School of Advanced Studies, India
Title: Knowledge, behaviour and practices (KBP) for arsenic contaminated drinking water in Bhojpur District, Bihar, India
Biography:
Reza Khoshbouy has completed his BSc and MSc at Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran. He started his PhD course in April 2016 in the Department of Environmental Science and Technology at Tokyo Institute of Technology. His major fields are water purification, adsorption technology, waste management and environmental engineering. Currently he is a second-year Doctoral student (D2) in Prof. K Yoshikawa laboratory. His research focuses on development of cost effective adsorbent for water and wastewater treatment from biomass-based waste and wastewater sludge using hydrothermal carbonization and activation process.
Abstract:
Water is a fundamental human right, most valuable asset for human survival, economy and public health. The population of India is at a risk of arsenic (As) exposure associated with long-term exposure to the arsenic in groundwater. Almost 176 million people are at risk due to exposure to contaminated water. This study captures and assessed the knowledge, behaviour, and practices of people exposed to As unknowingly in the selected villages in Bihar which are exposed to arsenic contamination. The technique included information accumulation using a stratified questionnaire, an interaction with local block centers, health facilities and discussion with the school staff. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science 20. The study revealed that the level of knowledge about arsenic presence was relatively high (75±.04%), but knowledge on its source and routes was inadequate. The majority of the respondents had no knowledge when it comes severity of the diseases occurring due to arsenic contamination and their prevention (15±.57%). The awareness level about the exposure and duration was found to be low (19±.03%). The attitude and practice on protecting their source of drinking water was also found to be low (25±.45%). Some educated people from the economically higher backgrounds had proper drinking and cleaning facilities, but there was no awareness regarding lowering arsenic exposure. The borehole water quality dug by government for rural schools appeared to be cleaner with respect to arsenic contamination, but the microbial quality is unknown. Moreover, the water supply and community facilities were inadequate in rural areas, with no rainwater harvesting and low sanitation. Some households had toilets whose drainage were going open outside houses, which may contaminate the groundwater source. Moreover, they had broken doors which did not offer privacy. There was no government water supply scheme available in these villages, due to smaller household sizes.
Mohammad Boshir Ahmed
University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Title: Role of surface functional groups in functionalized biochar for environmental remediation of antibiotics in single and competitive mode
Biography:
Mohammad B Ahmed is a final year PhD student at University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia. He is also serving as Technical Assistant at Environmental Engineering Research Laboratories. Before that, he has completed his graduation and post-graduation from Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology from University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. He has published more than 20 papers (including 12 as first author) in reputed journals. He has received several awards including publication awards and award for finalist in NSW Young Water Profession of the Year 2017 awarded by UTS and Australian Water Association, respectively.
Abstract:
Functionalized biochar (fBC) was prepared through pyrolysis of woody biomass and functionalized using oH3PO4 acid. Characterizations of fBC were carried out using Fourier Transmittance Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ζ potential measurement, and scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. FTIR result revealed that fBC contained –OH, -CH, C=O, C=C and –COOH functional groups, whereas Raman spectra clearly indicated the development of highly disordered structure (e.g. C-O, D band) along with graphitic structure (C=C i.e. G band) with increased intensity ratio (ID/IG). XPS result also confirmed that the present of C=C (at 284.8 eV), C-O (at 286.3 eV), C=O (at 287.8 eV), and -COOH (at 289.0 eV). ζ potential value was found to be at pH ~2.5. SEM showed development of microspore structure onto fBC surface. EDS data suggested that fBC mostly contained carbon (~75%), oxygen (~10%), nitrogen and phosphorous. The application of fBC at different pH to remove emerging contaminants antibiotics such as sulfathiazole (STZ), sulfamethazine (SMT), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and chloramphenicol (CP) antibiotics in both single and competitive mode from water was found very effective. Maximum sorption capacity was observed at the pH range of 4.0-5.0 for all antibiotics. Functional groups of fBC played a vital role for removing those antibiotics at different pH. H-bond formation, π-π electron donor acceptor and electrostatic interactions were the main sorption mechanisms at different pH. The application of prepared fBC for treatment of antibiotics from different water and wastewater was successful. Therefore, fBC is a potent sorbent for removing antibiotics