Maryna Gorobei
State Environmental Academy of Postgraduate Education and Management, Ukraine
Title: Carbon-Containing (Coal) Dust: Environmental Impacts and Human Health Effects of Pollution and Measures for Prevention
Biography
Biography: Maryna Gorobei
Abstract
Statement of the Problem: Air pollution is a major concern of the new civilized world. Coal mining enterprises are powerful sources of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere. Carbon-containing dust degrades air quality and ruthlessly distresses the natural bio-network and ecosystems and also has a serious impact on human health. Health effects are associated with both short-term and long-term impact of dust particles.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: theoretical and laboratory studies, experimental measurements, calculation for determining the probability of dust formation, mathematical planning (a second-degree D-optimal plan was used for construction the mathematical model), graph-analytical and mathematical planning methods.
Findings: The mechanism of sedimentation of suspended carbon-containing dust on the working soil due to the action of gravitational and electrostatic forces has been clarified. It consists in the fact that as a result of the natural or forced charge of the dust cloud, its particles are attracted to the droplets of liquid, creating new nuclei, which, falling into the sphere of influence of electrostatic forces are deposited more effectively due to the fact that their mass is equal to the total mass of droplets liquid and particles of dust. As a result of theoretical and experimental studies using existing formulas was developed a mathematical model of the dynamics of the interaction of dust and dispersed water flows in gravitational and electrostatic fields.
Conclusion & Significance: Air pollutions have major impacts on human health, triggering, and inducing many diseases leading to high morbidities and mortalities. Atmospheric air protection is one of the most pressing problems in today's technological society, as scientific and technological progress and expansion of production is associated with an increase in negative anthropogenic impacts on the atmosphere. The paper presents a new solution to the current scientific problem of reducing carbon-containing dust content based on the disclosure of the laws of the aerodynamic interaction of dust and water flows in gravitational and electrostatic fields. Technologies to reduce air pollution at the source of Ñarbon-containing dust formation should be used in all new industrial development. The principles and practices of sustainable development, coupled with local research, will help contain or eliminate health and environmental risks resulting from air pollution by carbon-containing dust.